Electric Motor

An Electric Motor is a device which turns or coverts electrical energy into mechanical energy.  

• Electric motors are found in many appliances,  ranging from small devices like electric wrist watch, pump, geyser, blower, mixer-juicer, to bigger appliances like fans, air conditioners,  coolers, industrial mills, etc.

• Electric motors of high efficiency were started being made from 1821. however, the first commercially successful motor are made in 1873. The working of an electric motor is based  on Faraday's law of induction.

♦ AC Motor By Nikola Tesla:

                                            ♠ Nikola Tesla made the first Alternating Current or AC Motor in the year, 1888. AC or Alternate Current Motor was an admirable step towards highly efficient and less heat generating motor advancement. Prior to that, in the year 1886, Frank Julián Sprague had made a DC or Direct Current Motor. The AC motors had an advantage over DC motors as the former provided high efficiency and could run most of the appliances without conversion.

                                            ♠ Today, only Alternating Current or AC motors are mostly used  because AC is the general form in which  electricity  is carried to homes, offices, businesses, industries, etc.

♦ Working of an Electric Motor:

                                                       ♣ A simple motor consists of six parts — Rotor, Commutator,  Brushes, Axle, Field Magnet and Power Supply.

                                                       ♣ The field  magnet is a permanent magnet. The wire coil is wrapped  around an armature. The wire coil attached to a source of current. When the electric current flows through the wire coil, a magnetic field develops  around the armature. Thus, the armature behaves  like an electromagnet. Now the field magnet  attracts and repels the magnetised armature. This  makes the armature move a full rotation. This  armature is attached with a shaft at one end with  the help of an axle. When the axle moves because  of repeated rotation of the armature, mechanical  energy is produced. Thus, the electrical energy is  converted into mechanical energy...  

   

      “  Everybody Recognizes That If You Can Make Very Efficient Electric Motors, You Can Make A Quantum Leap Forward. ”

                                         — James Dyson.