Albert Einstein ( German—born Theoretical physicist )

Albert Einstein was regarded as the founder of modern physics, Albert Einstein was born to Hermann Einstein,a salesman and an engineer,and Pauline Kochon on 14 March 1879, in Ulm, Kingdom of Württemberg, German Empire. He received his education at the Luitpold Gymnasium in Munich. His grades in physics and mathematics were always excellent. He completed his schooling at the Argovian Cantonal School, Aarau, Switzerland, and at the age of seventeen he joined the Zürich Polytechnic for a physics and mathematics teaching diploma programme.

Einstein received his degree in 1900 but failed to get a suitable teaching job. With his friend's help, he joined the Federal Office for Intellectual Property as an assistant examiner – level lll .

Einstein secured a permanent position at the Swiss Patent Office in 1903. His conclusions about the space-time connection and the nature of light were aided by his work and experiments during this job.

Einstein completed his Ph.D. from the University of Zürich in 1905 and published four papers in the scientific journal named ″ Annalen der Physik ". The year was miraculous for him as these papers on photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and mass-energy equivalence ( E= mc² ) were significant contributors to the foundation of modern physics. They reformed the views on time ,  space, and matter. In the next few years, Einstein came to be recognized as a major scientist.

In 1908 he joined the University of Bern as a lecturer and the next year he was appointed as an associate professor at the University of Zürich. Two years later, in 1911, he was appointed as a professor at the Charles-Ferdinand University, Prague. Here he wrote several scientific works. Einstein returned to Zürich the next year, and for the two years that followed, he joined ETH Zurich as a professor of theoretical physics.

Einstein was appointed as the director of Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Physics in the year 1914 and as the president of the German Physical Society in 1916. He developed the general theory of relativity between 1907 and 1915. It was published in 1915. In 1916, Einstein published " Relativity: The Special and the General Theory " in German. Its first English translation was published in 1920. Divided into three parts, the special theory of relativity, the general theory of relativity, and the consideration on the universe as a whole. It is considered a groundbreaking scientific work.

In 1921, Einstein was awarded the Nobel prize in physics " for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect. " 

 In the year that followed, he travelled extensively. In 1933, he joined the Institute for Advanced Study in the United States, and by 1940 he became an American citizen.

Einstein published numerous scientific and non-scientific works. Some of his published works include: Sidelights on Relativity (1922), Cosmic Religion: With Other Opinions and Aphorisms (1931), Essays in Science (1934), The World as I see It (1949), Out of My Later Years (1950), and Ideas and Opinions (1954). 

Einstein died on 18 April 1955, aged seventy-six, in Princeton, New Jersey.